{"id":215,"date":"2018-04-23T04:53:03","date_gmt":"2018-04-23T04:53:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jinburuxue.com\/english\/?p=215"},"modified":"2018-08-08T16:48:12","modified_gmt":"2018-08-08T16:48:12","slug":"%e9%99%88%e5%80%a9%e4%bb%aa%ef%bc%8c%e5%84%92%e5%ae%b6%e6%80%9d%e6%83%b3%e4%b8%ad%e6%80%a7%e5%88%ab%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b0%e8%a7%a3%e8%af%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jinburuxue.com\/english\/2018\/04\/23\/%e9%99%88%e5%80%a9%e4%bb%aa%ef%bc%8c%e5%84%92%e5%ae%b6%e6%80%9d%e6%83%b3%e4%b8%ad%e6%80%a7%e5%88%ab%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b0%e8%a7%a3%e8%af%bb\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9648\u5029\u4eea\uff0c\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u6027\u522b\u7684\u65b0\u89e3\u8bfb"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><a href=\"http:\/\/jinburuxue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Sin-yee-Chan.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-402\" src=\"http:\/\/jinburuxue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Sin-yee-Chan-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a>\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u6027\u522b\u7684\u65b0\u89e3\u8bfb<\/h3>\n<p>\u9648\u5029\u4eea\u8457\uff1bXiang Lixin\u8bd1<br \/>\n\u4f5b\u8499\u7279\u5927\u5b66<br \/>\n<strong>\u539f\u8f7d\u4e8e <\/strong>\u300a\u00a0Confucianism for the Modern World\u300b\uff0cBell and Chaibong eds. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003, 312-333.<br \/>\n\u4f5c\u8005\u6388\u6743\u4e8e\u8fdb\u6b65\u5112\u5b66\u7f51<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6458\u8981\uff1a\u6682\u65e0<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u6027\u683c\uff0c\u5185\u5916\uff0c\u9634\u9633\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u6cd5\u5f8b<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/jinburuxue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/\u9648\u5029\u4eea-\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u6027\u522b\u7684\u65b0\u89e3\u8bfb-.pdf\">\u4e0b\u8f7dPDF\u7248\u672c<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u9605\u8bfb\u5168\u6587\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u201c\u6027\u522b\u201d\u7684\u65b0\u89e3\u8bfb<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\u9648\u5029\u4eea<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f5b\u8499\u7279\u5927\u5b66<\/p>\n<p>Xiang lixin\u8bd1<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u5c81\u6708\u91cc\uff0c\u5112\u5bb6\u7684\u201c\u6027\u522b\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u5df2\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u82e5\u5e72\u53d1\u5c55\u9636\u6bb5<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>\u3002\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5173\u4e8e\u65e9\u671f\u5112\u5bb6\u8ba8\u8bba\u5973\u6027\u7684\u6027\u522b\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u8bba\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u6027\u522b\u662f\u4e92\u8865\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u5c5e\u6027\u7684<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6027\u522b\u5212\u5206\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u5728\u4e8e\u9634\u9633\u76f8\u5173\u548c\u5185\u5916\u4e4b\u522b\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u201c\u5185\u5916\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u53ea\u8ba8\u8bba\u201c\u9634\u9633\u201d\u53ca\u5176\u5185\u6db5\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u9996\u5148\u56de\u6eaf\u9634\u9633\u5b66\u8bf4\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u53d1\u5c55\u5e76\u5bf9\u5176\u5185\u6db5\u8fdb\u884c\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u968f\u4e4b\u6211\u5c06\u628a\u9634\u9633\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u878d\u5165\u5230\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u804c\u573a\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u4ee5\u53ca\u6559\u80b2\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6bd4\u8f83\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8003\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u4f1a\u7b80\u5355\u8ba8\u8bba\u9634\u9633\u76f8\u5206\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5185\u6db5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u660e\u767d\u6027\u522b\u5dee\u5f02\u662f\u4e0e\u6027\u5dee\u5f02\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6027\u5dee\u5f02\u4e0e\u751f\u6b96\u4ee5\u53ca\u751f\u7269\u7e41\u884d\u7684\u751f\u7406\u7279\u5f81\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6027\u522b\u5dee\u5f02\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6027\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u89e3\u8bfb\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u751f\u80b2\u5b50\u5973\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u5973\u6027\u7684\u6027\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u517b\u80b2\u5b50\u5973\u7684\u7279\u8d28\u5219\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u52a0\u8bf8\u4e8e\u5973\u6027\u7684\u6027\u522b\u7279\u5f81<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u5206<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u9634\u9633\u4e24\u6781\u662f\u5b87\u5b99\u65e0\u7a77\u53d8\u5316\u4e2d\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u5b8b\u660e\u5112\u5b66\u548c\u7384\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u9634\u9633\u6700\u521d\u662f\u6307\u591a\u4e91\u548c\u6674\u5929\u4e24\u79cd\u5929\u6c14\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u5176\u91ca\u4e49\u6269\u5c55\u4e3a\u5c71\u7684\u5357\u5317\u4e24\u9762\uff08\u9634\u9762\u548c\u9633\u9762\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u51b7\u6696\u3002\u5728\u6625\u79cb\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u88ab\u770b\u505a\u662f\u5b87\u5b99\u516d\u529b\uff08\u9634\u9633\u98ce\u96e8\u660e\u6697\uff09\u4e2d\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u529b\u91cf<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a>\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u7ea6\u516c\u5143\u524d300\u5e74\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\u88ab\u5217\u5165\u54f2\u5b66\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u516c\u5143\u524d100\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u53c8\u6210\u4e3a\u5f3a\u8c03\u5173\u8054\u6027\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u5b66\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u5219<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a>\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u6784\u6210\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u9634\u901a\u5e38\u548c\u4e0b\u5217\u6982\u5ff5\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff1a\u9ed1\u6697\u3001\u5bd2\u51b7\u3001\u5973\u6027\u3001\u9ed1\u591c\u3001\u6708\u4eae\u3001\u5927\u5730\u3001\u897f\u4e0e\u5317\u7684\u65b9\u4f4d\u3001\u53f3\u4fa7\u3001\u540e\u9762\u548c\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u9634\u8fd8\u8868\u5f81\u67d4\u8f6f\u548c\u8106\u5f31\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u60f3\u8d77\u6708\u4e8f\u4e43\u81f3\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u9633\u5219\u622a\u7136\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u5149\u660e\u3001\u6e29\u6696\u3001\u7537\u6027\u3001\u767d\u5929\u3001\u592a\u9633\u3001\u5929\u7a7a\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e1c\u3001\u5357\u3001\u5de6\u3001\u524d\u9762\u548c\u4e0a\u9762\u3002 \u9633\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u575a\u5b9e\u3001\u5f3a\u58ee\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6708\u76c8\uff0c\u5145\u6ee1\u52c3\u52c3\u751f\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u9634\u9633\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee5\u53ca\u5112\u5bb6\u7684\u6027\u522b\u6982\u5ff5\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\u7279\u522b\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b87\u5b99\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u9634\u9633\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u63a2\u8ba8\u4ece\u672a\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u56db\u4e66\uff08\u8bba\u8bed\u3001\u5b5f\u5b50\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u5eb8\uff09\u4e2d\u3002\u5f90\u590d\u89c2\u4e5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6613\u7ecf\u4e2d\u53ef\u5f52\u4e8e\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u8bf4\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u5e76\u672a\u63d0\u53ca\u9634\u9633<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u300a\u8340\u5b50\u300b\u4e2d\u5374\u6570\u6b21\u8c08\u5230\u4e86\u9634\u9633\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><em>\u5929\u5730\u5408\u800c\u842c\u7269\u751f\uff0c\u9670\u967d\u63a5\u800c\u8b8a\u5316\u8d77\uff0c\u6027\u507d\u5408\u800c\u5929\u4e0b\u6cbb\u3002<\/em><em> (<\/em><em>\u8340\u5b50\u793c\u8bba\uff1a<\/em><em>22<\/em><em>)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u5176\u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u8340\u5b50\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u63a2\u7d22\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b87\u5b99\u4e4b\u529b\u7684\u9634\u9633\u3002\u800c\u9488\u5bf9\u8be5\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u5219\u66f4\u591a\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u7a0d\u665a\u671f\u7684\u5112\u5bb6\u975e\u54f2\u5b66\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5982\u793c\u8bb0\u4e2d\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u5112\u5bb6\u54f2\u5b66\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u5e76\u4e0d\u626e\u6f14\u663e\u8457\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u968f\u7740\u9634\u9633\u5b66\u8bf4\u5728\u516c\u5143\u4e8c\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u76db\u884c\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u672a\u4e0e\u7537\u5973\u4e24\u6027\u4ea7\u751f\u5173\u8054\u3002\u745e\u4e3d\uff08Lisa Raphals\uff09\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u6c49\u4ee3\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u9634\u9633\u548c\u7537\u5973\u4e24\u6027\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u63a2\u8ba8\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5728\u58a8\u5b50\u548c\u6dee\u5357\u5b50\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u4e24\u6b21<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a>\u3002\u5728\u58a8\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u4e4b\u529b\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u58a8\u5b50\u548c\u6dee\u5357\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u8d28\u5730\u548c\u4e24\u6027\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5723\u4eba\u6709\u4f20\uff1a\u5929\u5730\u4e5f\uff0c\u5219\u66f0\u4e0a\u4e0b\uff1b\u56db\u65f6\u4e5f\uff0c\u5219\u66f0\u9634\u9633\uff1b\u4eba\u60c5\u4e5f\uff0c\u5219\u66f0\u7537\u5973\uff1b\u79bd\u517d\u4e5f\uff0c\u5219\u66f0\u7261\u725d\u96c4\u96cc\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\uff08\u58a8\u5b507\/6\/34-35\uff09<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09 \uff0c\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u9634\u9633\u603b\u4e0e\u5929\u5730\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u603b\u662f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4f5c\u662f\u5e26\u6709\u7b49\u7ea7\u6027\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u4e8c\u529b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u524d\u6c49\u5112\u5b66\u6587\u672c\u6240\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u8865\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5176\u7b49\u7ea7\u5929\u6027\u3002\u793c\u8bb0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bc1\u636e\uff1a\u201c\u662f\u6545\u592b\u793c\uff0c\u5fc5\u672c\u4e8e\u5927\u4e00\uff0c\u5206\u800c\u4e3a\u5929\u5730\uff0c\u8f6c\u800c\u4e3a\u9634\u9633\uff0c\u53d8\u800c\u4e3a\u56db\u65f6\u3002\u201d\uff08\u793c\u8bb09:31\uff09\u8fd9\u91cc\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u7269\u8d28\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u6210\u9762\u5411\uff0c\u800c\u9634\u9633\u5c31\u662f\u4f17\u591a\u7ec4\u6210\u9762\u5411\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u9634\u9633\u7684\u4e92\u8865\u6027\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c6\u89d2\u627e\u5230\u4f9d\u636e\uff1a\u5c3d\u7ba1\u201c\u9634\u201d\u53ef\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u4ece\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5bf9\u5176\u5185\u6db5\u7684\u8d2c\u4f4e\u4e0e\u8bcb\u6bc1\u3002\u5b8b\u660e\u5112\u5b66\u5bf9\u201c\u9634\u201d\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u5076\u6709\u8d2c\u4f4e\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\u6240\u9700\u8981\u6279\u5224\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e50\u7531\u9633\u6765\u8005\u4e5f\uff0c\u793c\u7531\u9634\u4f5c\u8005\u4e5f\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u548c\u800c\u4e07\u7269\u5f97\u3002\u201d\uff08\u793c\u8bb011:5\uff09\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\uff0c\u793c\u5360\u636e\u7740\u5d07\u9ad8\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8ba9\u9634\u4f5c\u4e3a\u793c\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d4b\u4e88\u9634\u975e\u5e38\u79ef\u6781\u6b63\u9762\u7684\u5f62\u8c61<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a>\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u7537\u5973\u4e24\u6027\u548c\u9634\u9633\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u5173\u8054\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e92\u8865\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u8463\u4ef2\u8212\u5728\u300a\u6625\u79cb\u7e41\u9732\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u4ee5\u53ca\u7537\u5973\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u5df2\u88ab\u7f16\u5165\u5f8b\u6cd5\u5e76\u53d7\u5230\u6781\u5927\u91cd\u89c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u9633\u59cb\u51fa\uff0c\u7269\u4ea6\u59cb\u51fa\uff1b\u9633\u65b9\u76db\uff0c\u7269\u4ea6\u65b9\u76db\uff1b\u9633\u521d\u8870\uff0c\u7269\u4ea6\u521d\u8870\u3002\u7269\u968f\u9633\u800c\u51fa\u5165\uff0c\u6570\u968f\u9633\u800c\u7ec8\u59cb\uff0c\u4e09\u738b\u4e4b\u6b63\u968f\u9633\u800c\u66f4\u8d77\u3002\u4ee5\u6b64\u89c1\u4e4b\uff0c\u8d35\u9633\u800c\u8d31\u9634\u4e5f\u3002\u2026\u4e08\u592b\u867d\u8d31\u7686\u4e3a\u9633\uff0c\u5987\u4eba\u867d\u8d35\u7686\u4e3a\u9634\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6625\u79cb\u7e41\u973211\/43\/290\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u5bf9\u9634\/\u5973\u6027\u7684\u8d2c\u4f4e\u5219\u5728\u6c49\u4ee3\u4f5c\u54c1\u300a\u767d\u864e\u901a\u300b\u4e4b\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u5341\u5206\u660e\u663e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u793c\u7537\u5a36\u5973\u5ac1\u4f55\uff1f\u9634\u5351\u4e0d\u5f97\u81ea\u4e13\uff0c\u5c31\u9633\u800c\u6210\u4e4b\uff0c\u6545\u300a\u4f20\u300b\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u9633\u5021\u9634\u548c\uff0c\u7537\u884c\u5973\u968f\u3002\u201d (\u767d\u864e\u901aII (40)46a-b)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd0\u7528\u9634\u9633\u5206\u6781\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u767d\u864e\u901a\u6b63\u5f0f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7c7b\u7b49\u7ea7\u754c\u5b9a\u4e3a\u4e09\u7eb2\uff0c\u5373\u541b\u81e3\u3001\u7236\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u592b\u59bb\u3002\u4e09\u7eb2\u81ea\u6b64\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f15\u5bfc\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u8303\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u5b8b\u660e\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5174\u76db\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9634\u4ee5\u53ca\u5973\u6027\u7684\u8d2c\u4f4e\u4e5f\u6108\u53d1\u4e25\u91cd\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u6731\u71b9\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u6545\u5584\u6076\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a00\u9634\u9633\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a00\u7537\u5973<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a>\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001\u5185\u6db5<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u9634\u9633\u76f8\u5206\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\u56db\u4e2a\u5185\u6db5\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u9634\u9633\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u533a\u522b\u662f\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u5206\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8d4b\u4e88\u7537\u6027\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u4f18\u52bf\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u5b83\u6697\u6307\u4e00\u79cd\u6027\u522b\u672c\u8d28\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1b\uff084\uff09\u5b83\u5185\u6db5\u4e00\u79cd\u9634\u9633\u95f4\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6f14\u5316\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u9010\u4e00\u5bf9\u8fd9\u56db\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u5206\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u6027<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u5206\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u9634\u9633\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u4e92\u8865\u6027\u53ca\u7b49\u7ea7\u6027\u5206\u914d\u6743\u91cd\u3002\u8bda\u7136\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u5236\u9020\u6f5c\u5728\u5f20\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u4e25\u683c\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u5e76\u975e\u76f8\u4e92\u5bf9\u7acb\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e92\u8865\u6027\u610f\u5473\u7740\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u548c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e92\u8865\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u95f4\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u6027\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u9650\u5236\u3002\u7efc\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e92\u8865\u6027\u548c\u7b49\u7ea7\u6027\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u671f\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4fa7\u91cd\u3002\u5982\u5b8b\u660e\u65f6\u671f\u5c31\u5f3a\u8c03\u7537\u5973\u95f4\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u8be5\u65f6\u671f\u5bf9\u5987\u5973\u7684\u538b\u8feb\u5c31\u8f83\u4e3a\u4e25\u91cd\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\uff0c\u6027\u522b\u5dee\u5f02\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e92\u8865\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5973\u6027\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5730\u4f4d\u8f83\u4e4b\u4e8e\u5176\u540e\u7684\u671d\u4ee3\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u5206\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8d4b\u4e88\u7537\u6027\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u4f18\u52bf<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5212\u5206\u9634\u9633\u95f4\u7b49\u7ea7\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5e76\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u9633\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6bd4\u9634\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5230\u5e95\u5728\u610f\u6307\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f18\u8d8a\u6027\u7684\u5224\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u4e0a\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u9633\u6bd4\u9634\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u9633\u5728\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u662f\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u5b83\u5bf9\u5b87\u5b99\u6709\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u9633\u662f\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bfc\u5f15\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7740\u9634\u3002\u6362\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u9633\u7684\u4f18\u8d8a\u6027\u53ef\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u5305\u542b\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u6210\u4e00\u683c\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a76\u7adf\u9633\u4e3a\u4f55\u80fd\u51cc\u9a7e\u4e8e\u9634\uff0c\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u786e\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u66f4\u4e3a\u6ce8\u91cd\u4e25\u5bc6\u8bba\u8bc1\u7684\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u7684\u5b8b\u660e\u5112\u5b66\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u6ce8\u91cd\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u90b5\u5eb8\u66fe\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5929\u751f\u4e8e\u52a8\u8005\u4e5f\uff0c\u5730\u751f\u4e8e\u9759\u8005\u4e5f\uff0c\u4e00\u52a8\u4e00\u9759\u4ea4\uff0c\u800c\u5929\u5730\u4e4b\u9053\u5c3d\u4e4b\u77e3\u3002\u52a8\u4e4b\u59cb\u5219\u9633\u751f\u7109\uff0c\u52a8\u4e4b\u6781\u5219\u9634\u751f\u7109\uff0c\u4e00\u9634\u4e00\u9633\u4ea4\u800c\u5929\u4e4b\u7528\u5c3d\u4e4b\u77e3<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u9633\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u5230\u9633\u662f\u4ea7\u751f\u9634\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u8fd8\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u5929\u9053\u8f6e\u56de\u7531\u9634\u9633\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u9274\u4e8e\u8bba\u8bc1\u9634\u9633\u95f4\u7b49\u7ea7\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u7ecf\u5e38\u542b\u7cca\u4e0d\u6e05\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u5f88\u96be\u7531\u9634\u9633\u6765\u63a8\u6d4b\u51fa\u6027\u522b\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u5c0a\u5351\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u767d\u864e\u901a\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5112\u5bb6\u5b66\u8005\u5e0c\u671b\u81f3\u5c11\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e16\u4fd7\u793e\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8bba\u8bc1\u9633\u7684\u66f4\u9ad8\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0e\u7f8e\u5fb7\u6765\u51f8\u663e\u9633\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7f18\u4e8e\u9633\u663e\u5f97\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e3b\u52a8\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u9634\u5219\u662f\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u70b9\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7537\u6027\u5e94\u5f53\u53d6\u5f97\u9886\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u800c\u5973\u6027\u5219\u5e94\u5f53\u987a\u4ece\u7537\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3b\u5f20\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e0b\u3002\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u4eba\u683c\u9b45\u529b\u7684\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u9a6c\u578b\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e8b\u5fc5\u8eac\u4eb2\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5979\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u6765\u6307\u5f15\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u5112\u5bb6\u5723\u4eba\u9886\u8896\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u65e0\u4e3a\u800c\u6cbb\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u9700\u8981\u8df5\u884c\u4ed6\u7684\u5fb7\u6027\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u6539\u53d8\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u5fb7\u884c<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\">[12]<\/a>\u3002(\u8bba\u8bed\u00b7\u536b\u7075\u516c) \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u770b\u6765\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0e\u5fc3\u6001\u5e73\u548c\u5b89\u5b81\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0e\u884c\u52a8\u4e3b\u4e49\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u82e5\u6211\u4eec\u6cbf\u88ad\u201c\u9633\u4e3a\u4e3b\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5c06\u9886\u8896\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u8d4b\u4e88\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7537\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u8bf4\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u73b0\u7537\u5973\u90fd\u6709\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u7684\u516c\u5e73\u6743\u5229\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b87\u5b99\u4e4b\u529b\u603b\u662f\u6c38\u4e45\u5730\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u6700\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8bcd\u6c47\u7531\u5faa\u73af\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c\u5e76\u603b\u662f\u6b64\u6d88\u5f7c\u957f\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u65e5(\u9633)\u591c\uff08\u9634\uff09\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u66ff\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u7537\u5973\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u7684\u66f4\u8fed<a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a>\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5c06\u5973\u6027\u6392\u9664\u51fa\u9886\u5bfc\u96c6\u4f53\u662f\u4e0d\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u7537\u6027\u53ea\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4f18\u8d8a\u6027\u800c\u672a\u80fd\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u6837\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u9274\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u6743\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u529b\u91cf\u548c\u58f0\u79f0\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u638c\u63a7\u3002\u7b80\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7537\u6027\u7684\u4f18\u8d8a\u6027\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ed6\u4eec\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7ed9\u4e88\u4ed6\u4eec\u7279\u6743\u8fdb\u800c\u786e\u4fdd\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d6\u5f97\u652f\u914d\u5730\u4f4d\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u82e5\u5c06\u9633\u7684\u4f18\u8d8a\u6027\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u542b\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u6210\u4e00\u683c\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f18\u8d8a\u6027\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u5e26\u6709\u7279\u6743\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u8c08\u8bba\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0e\u7f8e\u5fb7\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u503c\u5f97\u5c0a\u656c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5929\u4e0b\u6709\u8fbe\u5c0a\u4e09\uff1a\u7235\u4e00\uff0c\u9f7f\u4e00\uff0c\u5fb7\u4e00\u3002\u671d\u5ef7\u83ab\u5982\u7235\uff0c\u4e61\u515a\u83ab\u5982\u9f7f\uff0c\u8f85\u4e16\u957f\u6c11\u83ab\u5982\u5fb7\u3002(\u5b5f\u5b50\u00b7\u516c\u5b59\u4e11\u4e0b)\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u8868\u8ff0\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u8363\u8a89\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fb7\u884c\u8363\u8a89\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5728\u4e8e\u529f\u7ee9\uff0c\u8d35\u65cf\u8363\u8a89\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u8005\u7684\u8363\u8a89\uff08\u5982\u7537\u6027\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5730\u4f4d\uff09\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u57fa\u7840\u5728\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u6210\u4e00\u683c\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u957f\u8005\u7684\u8363\u8000\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u8be5\u7279\u5f81\u6709\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u6240\u7279\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u8bc9\u8bf8\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u63a8\u5d07\u5c0a\u656c\u957f\u8f88\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u65e0\u53ef\u7f6e\u7591\u7684\u3002\u201c\u957f\u5e7c\u4e4b\u8282\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u5e9f\u4e5f\u3002\u201d (\u8bba\u8bed\u00b7\u5fae\u5b50)\u3002\u5b5f\u5b50\u751a\u81f3\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5c0a\u91cd\u5144\u957f\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0e\u751f\u4ff1\u6765\u7684\u80fd\u529b (<em>\u5b5f\u5b50\u00b7<\/em>\u5c3d\u5fc3\u4e0a)\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u9610\u91ca\u57fa\u4e8e\u5e74\u9f84\u7684\u8363\u8a89\u65f6\u5e94\u500d\u52a0\u5c0f\u5fc3\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5b5f\u5b63\u5b50\u95ee\u516c\u90fd\u5b50\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u4f55\u4ee5\u8c13\u4e49\u5185\u4e5f\uff1f\u201d\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u884c\u543e\u656c\uff0c\u6545\u8c13\u4e4b\u5185\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\u201c\u4e61\u4eba\u957f\u4e8e\u4f2f\u5144\u4e00\u5c81\uff0c\u5219\u8c01\u656c\uff1f\u201d\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u656c\u5144\u3002\u201d\u201c\u914c\u5219\u8c01\u5148\uff1f\u201d\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u5148\u914c\u4e61\u4eba\u3002\u201d \u201c\u6240\u656c\u5728\u6b64\uff0c\u6240\u957f\u5728\u5f7c\uff0c\u679c\u5728\u5916\uff0c\u975e\u7531\u5185\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\u2026. \u5b50\u4ea6\u66f0\uff1a\u2018\u5728\u4f4d\u6545\u4e5f\u3002\u5eb8\u656c\u5728\u5144\uff0c\u65af\u987b\u4e4b\u656c\u5728\u4e61\u4eba\u3002\u201d (\u5b5f\u5b50\u00b7\u544a\u5b50\u4e0a)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6709\u5929\u7235\u8005\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u7235\u8005\u3002\u4ec1\u4e49\u5fe0\u4fe1\uff0c\u4e50\u5584\u4e0d\u5026\uff0c\u6b64\u5929\u7235\u4e5f\uff1b\u516c\u537f\u5927\u592b\uff0c\u6b64\u4eba\u7235\u4e5f\u3002\u53e4\u4e4b\u4eba\u4fee\u5176\u5929\u7235\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u7235\u4ece\u4e4b\u3002\u201d (\u5b5f\u5b50\u00b7\u544a\u5b50\u4e0a)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u4e2d\u8fd8\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5bf9\u957f\u8005\u7684\u5c0a\u656c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u771f\u8bda\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5e74\u9f84\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5224\u5b9a\u5c0a\u5351\u552f\u4e00\u6216\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u67d0\u4eba\u5c0a\u91cd\u5176\u5144\u957f\u8d85\u8fc7\u5c0a\u91cd\u5176\u5e74\u957f\u8d44\u6df1\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u540e\u8005\u8981\u5e74\u957f\u4e8e\u524d\u8005\u3002\uff08\u957f\u5e7c\u5c0a\u5351\u53ea\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e0a\u624d\u4f1a\u6682\u65f6\u5012\u8f6c\uff09\u3002\u7b80\u8981\u5730\u8bb2\uff0c\u5bb6\u65cf\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c0a\u5351\u7684\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u5e74\u9f84\u7684\u5c0a\u5d07\u5374\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5b54\u5b50\u79f0\u90a3\u4e9b\u6beb\u65e0\u8d21\u732e\u8fd8\u636e\u4e0d\u8ba9\u8d24\u7684\u4eba\u4e3a\u5bb3\u7fa4\u4e4b\u9a6c\u3002\uff08\u8bba\u8bed\u00b7\u5baa\u95ee\uff09<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u524d\u6587(\u5b5f\u5b50\u00b7\u544a\u5b50\u4e0a)\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5fb7\u884c\u7684\u5c0a\u656c\u662f\u8d85\u8d8a\u5bf9\u8d35\u65cf\u7684\u5c0a\u656c\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u8868\u8ff0\u4e3a\u795e\u5723\u7684\u8363\u8a89\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5bf9\u5fb7\u884c\u7684\u5c0a\u656c\u4e2d\u63a8\u65ad\u51fa\uff0c\u5fb7\u884c\u5728\u524d\u9762\u6240\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u8363\u8a89\u4e2d\u662f\u81f3\u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u6587\u7ae0\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u7279\u522b\u7684\u7279\u6743\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u529b\u91cf\u3001\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u987a\u5176\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u5bf9\u5fb7\u884c\u7684\u5c0a\u656c\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u65ad\u51fa\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u8f88\u7684\u5c0a\u656c\u5728\u5b54\u5b50\u770b\u6765\u4e0d\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5e74\u9f84\u56e0\u7d20\u88ab\u964d\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u5c0a\u656c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5bb6\u5ead\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u7f8e\u5fb7\u3002\u5b83\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u4efb\u4f55\u663e\u8457\u7684\u7279\u6743\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u957f\u8f88\u884c\u52a8\u6216\u8bf4\u8bdd\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u884c\u52a8\u6216\u8bf4\u8bdd\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u957f\u8f88\u7684\u9886\u8896\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7537\u5973\u6765\u8bf4\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9053\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\uff083\uff09 \u6d89\u53ca\u6027\u522b\u7684\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u5206\u5f80\u5f80\u6307\u5411\u6027\u522b\u672c\u8d28\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6027\u522b\u672c\u8d28\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u65e8\u5728\u7528\u50f5\u5316\u4e0e\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6027\u522b\u8eab\u4efd<a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\">[14]<\/a>\u3002\u5982\u4fb5\u7565\u6027\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f1a\u88ab\u4eba\u505a\u662f\u7537\u5b50\u6c14\u6982\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u6bcd\u6027\u672c\u80fd\u5219\u662f\u5973\u6027\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u9633\u7ecf\u5e38\u548c\u5f3a\u58ee\u3001\u4e3b\u52a8\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u800c\u9634\u5219\u548c\u88ab\u52a8\u3001\u5f31\u5c0f\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3002\u5f53\u9634\u9633\u548c\u7537\u5973\u4e24\u6027\u76f8\u5173\u65f6\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u7684\u7279\u6027\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4f5c\u7537\u5973\u6027\u522b\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u6027\u522b\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u7279\u5f81\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4e0d\u8ba4\u540c\u7f57\u601d\u6587\uff08Henry Rosemont\uff09\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u7f57\u601d\u6587\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u4e00\u7ec4\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e0\u6cd5\u6697\u6307\u6027\u522b\u672c\u8d28\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u7269\u662f\u975e\u9634\u5373\u9633\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u6709\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u7269\u800c\u8a00\u65f6\u624d\u5177\u6709\u9634\u9633\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u7537\u6027\u957f\u8005\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e00\u4e2a\u5973\u6027\u957f\u8005\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u9633\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e74\u8f7b\u7537\u6027\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u9634\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u62d2\u65a5\u4e86\u65e9\u671f\u4e2d\u56fd\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u5728\u89e3\u91ca\u4e24\u6027\u65f6\u6301\u672c\u8d28\u6027\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u5224\u65ad<a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\">[15]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u5c06\u9634\u9633\u5f53\u505a\u4e00\u7ec4\u76f8\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5e76\u65e0\u4e0d\u59a5\u3002\u8463\u4ef2\u8212\u4e5f\u66fe\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u513f\u5b50\u548c\u5927\u81e3\u5728\u7236\u4eb2\u548c\u541b\u738b\u9762\u524d\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u9634<a href=\"#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\">[16]<\/a>\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0e\u6027\u522b\u672c\u8d28\u8bba\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u5e76\u884c\u4e0d\u6096\u7684\u3002\u7537\u6027\u6709\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u9634\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4f46\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7537\u6027\u548c\u5973\u6027\u76f8\u6bd4\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f9d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u9633\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6362\u4e00\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u9633\u2014\u2014\u5f3a\u58ee\u3002\u9634\u2014\u2014\u5f31\u5c0f\u3002\u7f57\u601d\u6587\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u5c5e\u6027\u5728\u7edd\u5bf9\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u76f8\u5bf9\u610f\u4e49\u4e2d\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u7edd\u5bf9\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8868\u8fbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u8eab\u4f53\u5f3a\u58ee\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u8bf4\u4ed6\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u4ee5\u53ca\u5065\u5eb7\u60c5\u51b5\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u822c\u6570\u503c\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u76f8\u5bf9\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8eab\u4f53\u5065\u58ee\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6307\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u76f8\u6bd4\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u4ed6\u5f31\u5c0f\u7684\u4eba\u8981\u66f4\u5f3a\u58ee\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f3a\u58ee\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u5728\u76f8\u5bf9\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bb2\u53ea\u8868\u793a\u76f8\u5bf9\u5f3a\u58ee\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u5f3a\u58ee\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u7f57\u601d\u6587\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u91cc\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e74\u957f\u7684\u7537\u6027\u6bd4\u4e00\u4e2a\u5973\u6027\u8981\u5f3a\u58ee\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u9633\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5f53\u4ed6\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e74\u8f7b\u7537\u6027\u76f8\u6bd4\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u9634\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7537\u6027\u5728\u7edd\u5bf9\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u90fd\u4e0d\u7b97\u5f3a\u58ee\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u6709\u7537\u6027\u90fd\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6240\u6709\u5973\u6027\u5b8c\u5168\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ece\u8fd9\u70b9\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u5728\u7edd\u5bf9\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0e\u6027\u522b\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3002\u7537\u6027\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u662f\u5f3a\u58ee\u7684\u4e14\u79ef\u6781\u4e3b\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5973\u6027\u662f\u67d4\u5f31\u800c\u88ab\u52a8\u7684<a href=\"#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\">[17]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u867d\u8bf4\u9634\u9633\u4e0e\u6027\u522b\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\u65f6\u4f1a\u6307\u5411\u6027\u522b\u672c\u8d28\u8bba\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7537\u6027\u5728\u4e00\u5207\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u90fd\u6bd4\u5973\u6027\u5f3a\u58ee\u3002\u5c31\u4eff\u4f5b\uff0c\u5c71\u7684\u5357\u9762\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6bd4\u5c71\u7684\u5317\u9762\u8fd8\u8981\u80cc\u9634\u3002\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u6321\u4f4f\u4e86\u9633\u5149\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e74\u8001\u4f53\u8870\u7684\u7537\u6027\u8eab\u4f53\u4e00\u6837\u4e0d\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e74\u8f7b\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u5973\u6027\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u5426\u5b9a\u7537\u6027\u603b\u4f53\u6bd4\u5973\u6027\u5f3a\u58ee\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u90a3\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u8d77\u4e86\u5e72\u6270\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e74\u8001\u4f53\u8870\u7684\u7537\u6027\u5e94\u5f53\u4e0e\u548c\u5e74\u8001\u4f53\u8870\u7684\u5973\u6027\u505a\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u548c\u5e74\u8f7b\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u5973\u6027\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fd8\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6211\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8bf4\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6027\u522b\u672c\u8d28\u8bba\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u9634\u9633\u76f8\u5206\u548c\u6027\u522b\u76f8\u7ed3\u76df\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6307\u5411\u672c\u8d28\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u82e5\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u5206\u88ab\u4e25\u683c\u5730\u8ba4\u4f5c\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u7537\u5973\u6027\u53c8\u4e0d\u88ab\u770b\u505a\u662f\u627f\u88ad\u9633\u4e0e\u9634\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8c08\u8bba\u7537\u6027\u4e3a\u9633\u5973\u6027\u4e3a\u9634\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4f55\u5728\uff1f\u82e5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u548c\u6027\u522b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u8054\u5c06\u6beb\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u8054\u5728\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u540e\u9762\u6211\u5c06\u518d\u6b21\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u8054\u662f\u6beb\u65e0\u5fc5\u8981\u5e76\u4e14\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u6452\u5f03\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5e94\u5f53\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u8054\u786e\u5b9e\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u88ab\u5112\u5bb6\u63d0\u51fa\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e14\u6027\u522b\u672c\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u8054\u624d\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u88ab\u63d0\u53ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6027\u522b\u672c\u8d28\u8bba\u5177\u6709\u89c4\u8303\u5185\u6db5\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u80cc\u79bb\u8fd9\u79cd\u5047\u8bf4\u7684\u8bba\u8c03\u90fd\u8bb2\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u79bb\u7ecf\u53db\u9053\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6216\u574f\u7684\u4ea6\u6216\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b32\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u79ef\u6781\u4e3b\u52a8\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u8fdd\u53cd\u9634\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5f53\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u672c\u8d28\u8bba\u8fd8\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u4e0d\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u53ef\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e00\u5982\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u672c\u6027\u3002\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u57f9\u517b\u4ee5\u53ca\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u52aa\u529b\u4e5f\u8bb8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6b64\u6709\u6240\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u6539\u5584\u662f\u5341\u5206\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u4eba\u7684\u5929\u6027\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\uff084\uff09\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6f14\u5316<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u5b66\u8bf4\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u95f4\u4e0d\u65ad\u8f6c\u6362\u7740\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u4f1a\u8bf4\uff0c\u65e5\u51cc\u9a7e\u4e8e\u591c\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u662f\u4ea4\u66ff\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u4e24\u6027\u5168\u9762\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5b83\u5e94\u5f53\u88ab\u8be0\u91ca\u4e3a\u9634\u9633\u6240\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e24\u8005\u4e5f\u548c\u4e24\u6027\u4e00\u6837\u9075\u5faa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u91cd\u590d\u7740\u4e0a\u5347\u548c\u8870\u843d\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u5973\u5b69\u4eec\u5728\u5c0f\u5b66\u4f4e\u5e74\u7ea7\u4f1a\u8fdc\u8d85\u7537\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u7537\u4eba\u5219\u4f1a\u5728\u5973\u4eba\u751f\u5b69\u5b50\u65f6\u5360\u636e\u9886\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u95f4\u533a\u5206\u6240\u610f\u6307\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6f14\u5316\u8fd8\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u6027\u522b\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u5143\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u529b\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u7ecf\u5386\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u76f8\u4e92\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u4e5f\u7ecf\u5e38\u662f\u6b64\u6d88\u5f7c\u957f\u3002\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u529b\u95f4\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u7ed3\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u5448\u73b0\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u5e74\u5973\u6027\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7537\u6027\u5e7c\u7ae5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u8054\u7cfb\u53ef\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u5e74\u7537\u6027\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u5e74\u5973\u6027\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5e94\u5f53\u770b\u5230\u7537\u6027\u548c\u5973\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c31\u7b97\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u6bb5\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e92\u52a8\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c31\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bcd\u4eb2\u548c\u5979\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u7b80\u8981\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e92\u8865\u548c\u7b49\u7ea7\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u89c6\u89d2\u6765\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u4e00\u5982\u5e26\u6709\u7b49\u7ea7\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u6781\u5316\u8bba\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u8fd8\u4e0d\u751a\u660e\u6717\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u7b49\u7ea7\u8bba\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u6697\u542b\u4efb\u4f55\u50cf\u6743\u529b\u8fd9\u6837\u663e\u8457\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u4e5f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6027\u522b\u672c\u8d28\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u4e24\u6027\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u5176\u5b9e\u6311\u6218\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u4e24\u6027\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u3001\u6279\u5224<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9634\u9633\u5b87\u5b99\u5b66\u7684\u6279\u5224\u65e9\u5df2\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u7b14\u7aef\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u662f\u5b8b\u660e\u5112\u5b66\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u5927\u7684\u5916\u5ef6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b8b\u660e\u5112\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u9634\u9633\u5b87\u5b99\u5b66\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u5468\u6613\u4e2d\u592a\u6781\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u9634\u9633\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u3002\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u5f81\u4e5f\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5112\u5bb6\u89c2\u70b9\u60f3\u7b26\u5408\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u9884\u793a\u7740\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u5f88\u591a\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u5360\u636e\u91cd\u8981\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e94\u4f26\u3002\u5728\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u7684\u4e92\u8865\u6027\u4e5f\u518d\u6b21\u56de\u5e94\u4e86\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u7b49\u7ea7\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u7236\u4eb2\u5e94\u5f53\u7231\u4ed6\u7684\u513f\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u513f\u5b50\u5e94\u5f53\u9075\u4ece\u4ed6\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u3002\u9634\u9633\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6027\u522b\u7279\u5f81\u4e5f\u662f\u548c\u5112\u5bb6\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u6982\u5ff5\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6bb5\u5173\u7cfb\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u8d23\u4efb\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5173\u8054\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u5bf9\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u7231\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u60c5\u611f\u8868\u8fbe\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\u5bf9\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u7231\u5219\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u5c0a\u656c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u8f7b\u6613\u5730\u653e\u5f03\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u4e2d\u55bb\u793a\u7684\u6027\u522b\u672c\u8d28\u8bba\u4ece\u6700\u4f4e\u9650\u5ea6\u6765\u8bf4\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u5973\u6027\u8fe5\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u548c\u5929\u6027\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u975e\u6d32\u7684\u82cf\u5e93\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5973\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u79cd\u690d\u5e84\u7a3c\u800c\u7537\u6027\u53ea\u80fd\u505a\u7f16\u7ec7\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u73af\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5361\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7537\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u79cd\u5e84\u7a3c\u800c\u5973\u4eba\u53ea\u80fd\u505a\u7f16\u7ec7<a href=\"#_ftn18\" name=\"_ftnref18\">[18]<\/a>\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u88ab\u770b\u505a\u662f\u611f\u6027\u4e14\u975e\u7406\u6027\u7684<a href=\"#_ftn19\" name=\"_ftnref19\">[19]<\/a>\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u4e2d\u56fd\u5374\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4e5f\u8fd9\u4e48\u770b\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6027\u522b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u4e0e\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u65f6\uff0c\u53c8\u600e\u6837\u51c6\u786e\u518d\u73b0\u4e86\u6027\u522b\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u7279\u5f81\uff1f\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc1\u660e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u90fd\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4eba\u4e3a\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u56db\u3001\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6027\u522b\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u601d\u8003\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u5f53\u5730\u653e\u5f03\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u4e0e\u6027\u522b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u8054\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u56e0\u7d20\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\u8be5\u533a\u5206\u5bf9\u5f53\u4ee3\u6027\u522b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u542f\u793a\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5c55\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u533a\u5206\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5f53\u4ee3\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u653f\u6cbb<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u662f\u5426\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u5e94\u5f53\u50cf\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u5728\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u6216\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e4b\u5916\uff1f\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u5b98\u65b9\u7406\u5ff5\u5c06\u6743\u5229\u66f4\u591a\u8d4b\u4e88\u7537\u6027\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u4e5f\u5e76\u975e\u6beb\u65e0\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5979\u4eec\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5b98\u65b9\u6b63\u5f0f\u6cd5\u5236\u5316\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u4eec\u6709\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97Pierre Bourdieu\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u7edf\u6cbb\u6027\u6743\u529b\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4f9d\u9760\u63a7\u5236\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6709\u9650\u5236\u6027\u7684\u6743\u5229<a href=\"#_ftn20\" name=\"_ftnref20\">[20]<\/a>\u3002\u5979\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u6297\u8bae\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5979\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9f13\u52b1\u548c\u544a\u8beb\u8005\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e08\u592b\u548c\u513f\u5b50\u8fdb\u8a00\u3002\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8bbe\u6cd5\u5236\u8861\u7537\u6027\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5bf9\u6743\u5229\u4f7f\u7528\u9020\u6210\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u5973\u6027\u6210\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\uff1f\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0 \uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9634\u9633\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6743\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u66ff\uff0c\u6743\u5229\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53ea\u9650\u5b9a\u4e8e\u7537\u6027\u4e4b\u624b\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8fb9\uff0c\u8f6c\u800c\u4ece\u7eaf\u7cb9\u5b9e\u8bc1\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u6765\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9886\u5bfc\u804c\u4f4d\u5e94\u5f53\u8d4b\u4e88\u90a3\u4e9b\u6700\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5173\u6d89\u6027\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u518d\u6765\u770b\u770b\u53c2\u653f\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u5bb9\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4e0d\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c55\u5f00\u8bba\u8ff0\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u7537\u5973\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u5229\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0a\u5982\u6b64\u60ac\u6b8a\u3002\u5728\u897f\u65b9\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u6295\u7968\u6743\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5979\u4eec\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5979\u4eec\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5df2\u88ab\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7537\u6027\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e08\u592b\u548c\u7236\u4eb2\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u800c\u9274\u4e8e\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5c06\u611f\u6027\u4e0e\u7406\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u4e24\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6392\u4ed6\u6027\u7684\u539f\u7406\u662f\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5112\u5bb6\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5973\u4eba\u611f\u6027\uff0c\u7537\u4eba\u7406\u6027\u7684\u8868\u8ff0<a href=\"#_ftn21\" name=\"_ftnref21\">[21]<\/a>\u3002\u6839\u636e\u90dd\u5927\u4e3a\uff08David Hall\uff09\u548c\u5b89\u4e50\u54f2\uff08Roger Ames\uff09\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7537\u5973\u4e24\u6027\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u878d\u5408<a href=\"#_ftn22\" name=\"_ftnref22\">[22]<\/a>\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5723\u738b\u5e94\u5f53\u50cf\u5bb6\u957f\u4e00\u6837\u884c\u4e8b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u540c\u65f6\u626e\u6f14\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5979\u4eec\u4e0d\u50cf\u897f\u65b9\u4e00\u6837\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5065\u5168\u4eba\u7684\u6f5c\u8d28<a href=\"#_ftn23\" name=\"_ftnref23\">[23]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u6837\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u53c2\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u800c\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u51fa\u653f\u6cbb\u3002\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u9886\u57df\u5e76\u4e0d\u88ab\u5851\u9020\u4e3a\u53ea\u8981\u6c42\u7537\u6027\u6216\u662f\u9633\u7684\u7279\u8d28\u3002\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u7406\u60f3\u4e2d\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6c1b\u56f4\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c1b\u56f4\u3002\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u627f\u8f7d\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u548c\u5f62\u8c61\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u653f\u6cbb\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9634\u9633\u53cc\u65b9\u529b\u91cf\u5171\u540c\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u804c\u573a<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5973\u6027\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u83b7\u5f97\u9886\u5bfc\u6743\u7684\u5e73\u7b49\u673a\u4f1a\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u804c\u573a\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u9634\u9633\u4ea4\u66ff\u53ca\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0a\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\u5747\u6307\u5411\u6d88\u9664\u5973\u6027\u5728\u804c\u573a\u664b\u5347\u7684\u900f\u660e\u5929\u82b1\u677f\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u662f\u5426\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u6027\u522b\u5212\u5206\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u5206\u5de5\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u4e3b\u52a8\u548c\u72ec\u65ad\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u5426\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u7537\u6027\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u56de\u7b54\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u5f88\u96be\u53bb\u51b3\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u66f4\u8d34\u8fd1\u9634\u7684\u5929\u6027\u800c\u54ea\u4e9b\u53c8\u8d8b\u5411\u4e8e\u9633\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u7efc\u5408\u591a\u79cd\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u7535\u8111\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e94\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9634\u8fd8\u662f\u9633\uff1f\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u8010\u5fc3\u548c\u5bf9\u7ec6\u8282\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5173\u6ce8\uff08\u9634\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5206\u6790\u6280\u80fd\u548c\u4e25\u5b88\u903b\u8f91\u7eaa\u5f8b\uff08\u9633\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u751a\u81f3\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6027\u522b\u9694\u79bb\u5e76\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u5206\u6765\u8bc1\u6210\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u6211\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8bf4\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u6c38\u8fdc\u65e0\u6cd5\u652f\u6491\u4e0e\u6027\u522b\u533a\u5206\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u5206\u5de5\u3002\u6211\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u975e\u5e38\u8c28\u614e\u5730\u5ba1\u67e5\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u6027\u522b\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u660e\u663e\u8981\u5212\u5206\u7537\u5973\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u6bd4\u5982\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u6bd4\u5982\u50cf\u80b2\u513f\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u8981\u6c42\u66f4\u4e3a\u7cbe\u70bc\u7684\u6027\u522b\u533a\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u8bbe\u7acb\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u519b\u961f\u4e2d\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u4e43\u81f3\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u592a\u660e\u663e\u5730\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u6218\u6597\u4e2d\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u4e5f\u6709\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u6218\u573a\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u6551\u62a4\u4eba\u5458\u6bd4\u5982\u519b\u533b\u548c\u8054\u7edc\u5b98 \uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u592a\u5f3a\u7684\u4fb5\u7565\u6027\u548c\u5145\u8db3\u51c6\u5907\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u4e3b\u52a8\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u6218\u4e89\u9700\u8981\u6bc5\u529b\u3001\u51b7\u9759\u548c\u6df1\u8c0b\u8fdc\u8651\u3002\uff08\u9634\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u519b\u961f\u7684\u5c97\u4f4d\u662f\u5e94\u5f53\u4e3a\u7537\u6027\u9884\u7559\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c97\u4f4d\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5360\u636e\u592a\u5927\u6bd4\u4f8b<a href=\"#_ftn24\" name=\"_ftnref24\">[24]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u804c\u573a\u4e2d\u7684\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u53bb\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e92\u8865\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6216\u662f\u7b49\u7ea7\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u5982\u679c\u4ece\u4e92\u8865\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e8b\u60c5\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\u3002\u9634\u9633\uff0c\u7537\u5973\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u533a\u522b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5904\u7406\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u4e92\u8865\u5145\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u5c06\u7537\u5973\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7b49\u7ea7\u6216\u8005\u5de5\u79cd\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5982\u901a\u8fc7\u4fc3\u8fdb\u591a\u6837\u6027\u548c\u591a\u5143\u5316\u6765\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7b56\u5212\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u63a2\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5973\u6027\u6bd4\u7537\u6027\u66f4\u5177\u6709\u534f\u5546\u6027\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u5f3a\u8c03\u534f\u5546\u548c\u8bf4\u670d\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u6743<a href=\"#_ftn25\" name=\"_ftnref25\">[25]<\/a>\u3002\u8c03\u6574\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u884c\u4e1a\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u673a\u6784\u6bd4\u5982\u533b\u9662\u548c\u798f\u5229\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u9f13\u52b1\u4ee5\u53ca\u6574\u5408\u90a3\u4e9b\u6301\u7eed\u5728\u4e00\u7ebf\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u96c7\u5458\u3002\u800c\u5973\u6027\u66f4\u5584\u4e8e\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u548c\u519b\u961f\u91cc\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u519b\u961f\u91cc\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u4e25\u683c\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0a\u4e0b\u7ea7\u5206\u660e\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u793e\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u6027\u95f4\u4e0d\u540c\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u4e92\u8865\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\uff083\uff09\u5bb6\u5ead\u9886\u57df<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u52bf\u529b\u88ab\u770b\u505a\u662f\u7531\u9634\u6027\u4e3b\u5bfc\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u770b\u6cd5\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bb6\u5ead\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u56f4\u7ed5\u4f20\u5b97\u63a5\u4ee3\u548c\u7167\u987e\u5a74\u513f\u65f6\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u5f88\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u3002\u80b2\u513f\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u90fd\u662f\u5178\u578b\u9634\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f9d\u7136\u9700\u8981\u8c28\u614e\u5730\u63a2\u8ba8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u80b2\u513f\u662f\u9634\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6bcd\u4eb2\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u578b\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u80b2\u513f\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7531\u6bcd\u4eb2\u6765\u505a\u3002\u5b83\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u7531\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5973\u6027\u6765\u627f\u62c5\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u5e74\u6bcd\u4eb2\u4f9d\u7136\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u52a1\u519c\u548c\u517b\u6b96\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u80b2\u513f\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u5bb6\u5ead\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5360\u636e\u5973\u6027\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u76f8\u5f53\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u53eb\u505a\u5979\u4eec\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u4e0e\u201c\u4f7f\u547d\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u7167\u987e\u5b69\u5b50\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u73b0\u4ee3\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u629a\u80b2\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u63d0\u4f9b\u629a\u517b\u548c\u4fdd\u969c\u5a74\u5e7c\u513f\u8eab\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4ee4\u73b0\u4ee3\u5bb6\u5ead\u5934\u75bc\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5c06\u5b69\u5b50\u629a\u517b\u6210\u4eba\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u80b2\u513f\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u9634\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u629a\u517b\u5b69\u5b50\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9634\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5417\uff1f\u629a\u517b\u5b69\u5b50\u6d89\u53ca\u4e86\u7ed9\u4e88\u5475\u62a4\u3001\u5173\u7231\u3001\u5f15\u5bfc\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ee5\u8eab\u4f5c\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u6709\u4e9b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9634\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u4e9b\u5219\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9633\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9634\u9633\u76f8\u878d\u7684\u80b2\u513f\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0e\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f8\u6096\u3002\u5efa\u7acb\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u6c1b\u56f4\u662f\u4e24\u6027\u5171\u540c\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\uff084\uff09\u6559\u80b2<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u610f\u5473\u7740\u9634\u9633\u90fd\u5728\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u53bb\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u7136\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u4eec\u5f00\u62d3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6f5c\u80fd\uff0c\u5145\u5b9e\u81ea\u6211\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u8ba4\u77e5\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u4e0a\u4e00\u76f4\u4eab\u53d7\u548c\u7537\u6027\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u53e4\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7537\u6027\u4e0e\u5973\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u8d5e\u8d4f\u5973\u6027\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u3002Pan Chao\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u7684<em>Nu Chieh<\/em>\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u5c06\u9634\u9633\u548c\u7537\u5973\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5973\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u8bc4\u8bba\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6559\u7537\u4e0d\u6559\u5973\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5ffd\u89c6\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u7cfb\u5417\uff1f\u6309\u7167\u793c\u8bb0\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u516b\u5c81\u662f\u5f00\u59cb\u8bfb\u4e66\u7684\u5e74\u9f84\uff0c15\u5c81\u5c31\u5e94\u5f53\u4ece\u5b66\u6821\u6bd5\u4e1a\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u9002\u7528\u5728\u5973\u5b69\u8eab\u4e0a\uff1f<a href=\"#_ftn26\" name=\"_ftnref26\">[26]<\/a>\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u662f\u5747\u7b49\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u66f4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u662f\u7537\u5973\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u5f53\u5171\u540c\u5b66\u4e60\u540c\u6837\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e86\u89e3\u533a\u5206\u9634\u9633\u4f1a\u6307\u5411\u6027\u522b\u672c\u8d28\u8bba\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u662f\u5426\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5973\u6027\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5e94\u5f53\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u7537\u6027\uff1f\u7537\u751f\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u5f53\u6bd4\u5973\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4f53\u80b2\u6559\u80b2\uff1f\u4e5f\u8bb8\uff0c\u7537\u5973\u751f\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u91cd\u70b9\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5b89\u6392\u662f\u5426\u5728\u91cd\u8981\u9886\u57df\u6709\u6240\u4ea4\u53e0\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u5973\u751f\u4f1a\u66f4\u591a\u5b66\u4e60\u53a8\u827a\u548c\u5bb6\u5ead\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u7537\u751f\u5219\u63a5\u53d7\u516c\u5171\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u610f\u5473\u7740\u57f9\u517b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u79cd\u7c7b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u6309\u7167\u6027\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u5206\u5de5\u662f\u4e0d\u516c\u6b63\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6309\u7167\u6027\u522b\u5212\u5206\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u540c\u6837\u662f\u4e0d\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u3002\u5112\u5bb6\u6559\u80b2\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u4eec\u62d3\u5c55\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u6210\u4e3a\u541b\u5b50\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7537\u5973\u751f\u6838\u5fc3\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5e94\u6709\u6240\u533a\u522b\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\u8f83\u96be\u88ab\u8bc1\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e94\u3001\u5bf9\u6bd4\u9634\u9633\u4e0e\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5206\u6790\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u68c0\u67e5\u5c31\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u8bb8\u591a\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u522b\u5b9e\u8df5\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u7531\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u6765\u8bc1\u6210\u3002\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e24\u6027\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8f83\u5f31\u4e5f\u4e0d\u81f3\u4e8e\u80fd\u5bf9\u91cd\u8981\u673a\u4f1a\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5206\u914d\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0e\u4e24\u6027\u5e73\u7b49\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5206\u8fa8\u51fa\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4ece\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u5206\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6027\u522b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u8981\u5730\u5c06\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u5206\u548c\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u8ba4\u540c\u4f26\u7406\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e76\u4e14\u91cd\u89c6\u4e2a\u4eba\u6743\u5229\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u81ea\u4e3b\u6743\u548c\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7406\u8bba\u7acb\u573a\u662f\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5982\u6fc0\u8fdb\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u5973\u6743\u8bba\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6fc0\u8fdb\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u5ba3\u626c\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u5730\u6d88\u9664\u6027\u522b\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u800c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u5219\u5ba3\u626c\u5f7b\u5e95\u98a0\u8986\u5f53\u524d\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u67b6\u6784<a href=\"#_ftn27\" name=\"_ftnref27\">[27]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u5185\u6db5\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u573a\u95f4\u9887\u6709\u4ea4\u53e0\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u53cc\u65b9\u5171\u540c\u629a\u517b\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u6d88\u9664\u4f20\u7edf\u804c\u573a\u7684\u6027\u522b\u9694\u79bb\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u53c2\u653f\u548c\u53d6\u5f97\u653f\u6cbb\u9886\u5bfc\u6743\u4e0a\u7684\u7537\u5973\u673a\u4f1a\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u4e0b\u7ed3\u8bba\u8bf4\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u5973\u6027\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5171\u4eab\u5b66\u672f\u8bba\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u3002\u4ece\u5927\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5747\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u5bf9\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7236\u6743\u5b9e\u8df5\u8fdb\u884c\u6279\u5224\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u4ec5\u4ec5\u7a81\u51fa\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u6027\u522b\u89d2\u8272\u548c\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e2d\u7f3a\u4e4f\u63a8\u7406\u8bba\u8bc1\u4ee5\u53ca\u5145\u6ee1\u7740\u968f\u610f\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u5728\u5bf9\u4f20\u7edf\u6027\u522b\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5c31\u804c\u573a\u6027\u522b\u9694\u79bb\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u6279\u5224\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u975e\u6cd5\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4fb5\u72af\u4e86\u4e2a\u4eba\u673a\u4f1a\u5747\u7b49\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002\u800c\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6279\u5224\u5219\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u6027\u522b\u9694\u79bb\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u8ba4\u8bc6\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u3002\u5c06\u9634\u6392\u9664\u5728\u5979\u4eec\u5e94\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9694\u79bb\u59a8\u788d\u4e86\u9634\u9633\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u3002\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u610f\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u800c\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5219\u662f\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u4e00\u7edf\u4e0e\u548c\u8c10\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8fd8\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6027\u522b\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u53cd\u5bf9\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u5728\u6027\u522b\u672c\u8d28\u8bba\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u65e9\u524d\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6027\u672c\u672c\u8d28\u8bba\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u5219\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u6301\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7acb\u573a\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u90fd\u53cd\u5bf9\u6027\u672c\u672c\u8d28\u8bba\u3002\u5c31\u7b97\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5973\u6027\u662f\u62e5\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u58f0\u97f3\u7684\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u2014\u2014\u5979\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5973\u6027\u5728\u5fc3\u91cc\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0a\u4e0e\u7537\u6027\u4e0d\u540c<a href=\"#_ftn28\" name=\"_ftnref28\">[28]<\/a>\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u4f1a\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e8e\u540e\u5929\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5148\u5929\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6027\u522b\u5dee\u5f02\u4e0d\u8bba\u597d\u574f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u770b\u505a\u662f\u5973\u6027\u6240\u5904\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5730\u4f4d\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u6f14\u53d8\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<a href=\"#_ftn29\" name=\"_ftnref29\">[29]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u90a3\u4e9b\u8ba4\u540c\u6027\u672c\u672c\u8d28\u8bba\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u5bf9\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u6240\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u6027\u522b\u89c4\u8303\u5b58\u6709\u5f02\u8bae\u3002\u5982\u540c\u5357\u5e0c\u00b7\u5f17\u96f7\u6cfd\uff08Nancy Fraser\uff09\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u6027\u522b\u4e0d\u540c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u5bf9\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u707e\u96be\u6027\u7684<a href=\"#_ftn30\" name=\"_ftnref30\">[30]<\/a>\u3002\u5f17\u96f7\u6cfd\u6307\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u9635\u8425\uff1a\u5e73\u7b49\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5dee\u522b\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49<a href=\"#_ftn31\" name=\"_ftnref31\">[31]<\/a>\u3002\u5e73\u7b49\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u5973\u6027\u6709\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u6e20\u9053\u83b7\u53d6\u673a\u9047\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u800c\u5dee\u522b\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5e73\u7b49\u6743\u5229\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u6211\u653e\u5f03\uff0c\u5b83\u5176\u5b9e\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5\u7537\u6027\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u793e\u4f1a\u540c\u5316\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u5bf9\u5979\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u8861\u91cf\u8363\u8a89\u3001\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u5173\u8054\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u90fd\u662f\u5145\u6ee1\u7537\u6027\u7279\u8d28\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5973\u6027\u4e0d\u5229\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5973\u6027\u8981\u4e48\u50cf\u7537\u6027\u4e00\u6837\u79ef\u6781\u6d3b\u52a8\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5c31\u4f1a\u6108\u53d1\u5904\u4e8e\u8fb9\u7f18\u5316\u751a\u81f3\u906d\u5230\u8bcb\u6bc1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5979\u4eec\u5ba3\u626c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u90a3\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u53cd\u5e94\u5973\u6027\u7684\u613f\u666f\u548c\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002\u201c\u5206\u79bb\u4f46\u5e73\u7b49\u201d\u662f\u5979\u4eec\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u4e89\u8bba\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u201c\u5206\u79bb\u201d\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6548\u3002\u5dee\u522b\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5907\u53d7\u5176\u4ed6\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6000\u7591\uff0c\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\u662f\u5426\u771f\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u5e76\u4e0d\u6e05\u6670\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6027\u522b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b32\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5dee\u522b\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u503c\u5f97\u79f0\u8d5e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5979\u4eec\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u5973\u6027\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5e76\u53d8\u76f8\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e86\u73b0\u5b58\u7684\u6027\u522b\u7b49\u7ea7\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u89c2\u70b9\u5e94\u5f53\u88ab\u6452\u5f03\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5dee\u522b\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4e0e\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u5bf9\u6027\u522b\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u843d\u5b9e\u4e0a\u610f\u89c1\u4e0d\u4e00\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e2a\u6027\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bc6\u5c14\uff08J. S. Mill\uff09\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u751f\u6d3b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u56e0\u8574\u542b\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u4e0e\u5916\u52a0\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u4ef7\u503c\u800c\u5e94\u5f53\u88ab\u53d1\u626c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u7ed3\u679c\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u591a\u6837\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u9009\u62e9\u51b2\u7834\u6027\u522b\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u4eba\u5e94\u5f53\u7ee7\u7eed\u575a\u6301\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u5e94\u5f53\u53d7\u5230\u60e9\u7f5a\u3002\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u7537\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u6b32\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u7279\u8d28\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u597d\u5947\u3001\u5ba1\u614e\u4e00\u6837\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u90fd\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4e0d\u5e72\u6d89\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6027\u522b\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e25\u82db\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u5112\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u52a0\u8bf8\u4e8e\u201c\u9634\u201d\u7684\u7279\u8d28\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u5982\u5973\u6027\u89d2\u8272\u5e94\u5f3a\u8c03\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u548c\u575a\u6301\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b88\u88ab\u52a8\u548c\u4f9d\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f20\u7edf\u7279\u8d28\u3002\u4e0d\u8bba\u4f55\u79cd\u7279\u5f81\u53d7\u5230\u63a8\u5d07\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u90fd\u8981\u8d5e\u6210\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0e\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u5206\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u6027\u522b\u533a\u5206\u3002\u6309\u7167\u6027\u522b\u672c\u8d28\u8bba\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u5e94\u5f53\u8ba4\u540c\u5979\u7684\u7279\u8d28\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u5112\u5bb6\u8fd8\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u987a\u4ece\u6027\u522b\u89c4\u8303\u4e5f\u662f\u8fbe\u6210\u5b87\u5b99\u548c\u8c10\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u5112\u5bb6\u5fc5\u987b\u5021\u5bfc\u7531\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d1f\u8d23\u6765\u5bf9\u6027\u522b\u89c4\u8303\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u683c\u548c\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002\u9648\u7956\u4e3a\uff08Joseph Chan\uff09 \u6307\u51fa<a href=\"#_ftn32\" name=\"_ftnref32\">[32]<\/a>\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb6\u957f\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5112\u5bb6\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7684\u5112\u5bb6\u653f\u5e9c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u5bb6\u957f\u5f0f\u5112\u5bb6\u653f\u5e9c\u4f1a\u907f\u514d\u7528\u4e25\u5211\u5cfb\u6cd5\u6765\u5f3a\u5236\u4eba\u4eec\u9075\u4ece\u67d0\u79cd\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u800c\u4ee5\u975e\u5f3a\u5236\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u8865\u52a9\uff0c\u6765\u8fbe\u6210\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u7b80\u8981\u8bb2\uff0c\u5112\u5bb6\u5b66\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5021\u5bfc\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u6765\u5ba3\u626c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6027\u522b\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u5e76\u4f1a\u6279\u8bc4\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bf9\u6027\u522b\u89c4\u8303\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u5206\u5728\u4e24\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8fd8\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u66f4\u591a\u8003\u8651\u4e24\u6027\u95f4\u7684\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u4e3b\u8981\u8003\u8651\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u4e92\u8865\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u4e24\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u516c\u5e73\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5173\u5fc3\u4e24\u6027\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u53bb\u63a2\u7a76\u4e24\u6027\u662f\u5426\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8bd5\u60f3\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u793e\u4f1a\u591a\u6570\u4e3a\u7537\u6027\u6216\u8005\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u57fa\u4e8e\u516c\u5e73\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u5360\u636e\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u7279\u6743\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5c31\u7b97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u6027\u90fd\u6309\u7167\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u9664\u4e86\u7ea6\u4f1a\u5e76\u4e0d\u5e38\u548c\u5bf9\u65b9\u63a5\u89e6\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5c06\u65e0\u53ef\u62b1\u6028\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9694\u79bb\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4f1a\u4ee4\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e24\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u4e92\u8865\u548c\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5112\u5bb6\u5b66\u8005\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u6270\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u2014\u2014\u5bb6\u5ead\u2014\u2014\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e2d\u7537\u6027\u6216\u5973\u6027\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5112\u5bb6\u5b66\u8005\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5355\u4eb2\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u540c\u6027\u5a5a\u59fb\u4ee5\u53ca\u5355\u8eab\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u770b\u6765\u90fd\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\u53ef\u884c\u7684<a href=\"#_ftn33\" name=\"_ftnref33\">[33]<\/a>\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u5bb6\u5ead\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u6027\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u548c\u4e92\u8865\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u6240\u63a5\u53d7<a href=\"#_ftn34\" name=\"_ftnref34\">[34]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u516d\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5185\u6db5<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u548c\u4e0e\u5173\u6d89\u6027\u522b\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u8054\u7cfb\uff1f\u4e00\u5982\u65e2\u5f80\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u628a\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5173\u6d89\u8bb8\u591a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8003\u91cf\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u901a\u8fc7\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6765\u52a0\u5f3a\u67d0\u79cd\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u6210\u672c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5426\u5230\u5904\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4eba\u6301\u6709\u672a\u53d7\u5230\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u8bba\u8bc1\u7684\u6027\u522b\u504f\u89c1\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u6837\u8981\u770b\u7ecf\u7531\u6cd5\u5f8b\u63a8\u884c\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u662f\u5426\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e3b\u6d41\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u6709\u6240\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u504f\u5411\u4e8e\u5728\u6700\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5229\u7528\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6765\u63a8\u884c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u62c5\u5fe7\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5236\u88c1\u4f1a\u8bf1\u53d1\u4eba\u4eec\u53bb\u5c55\u73b0\u9053\u5fb7\u7f8e\u5fb7\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u52a8\u673a\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5bfb\u627e\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u5112\u5bb6\u9634\u9633\u89c2\u5ff5\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6027\u522b\u6cd5\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u6cd5\u5f8b\u786e\u4fdd\u4e24\u6027\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u804c\u573a\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u4e0a\u7684\u5e73\u7b49<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u9274\u4e8e\u6027\u522b\u6b67\u89c6\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u804c\u573a\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u5341\u5206\u666e\u904d\u4e14\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53c2\u653f\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u798f\u7949\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5112\u5bb6\u5b66\u8005\u4f1a\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5171\u540c\u652f\u6301\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u5185\u901a\u8fc7\u6cd5\u5f8b\u624b\u6bb5\u6765\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e24\u6027\u5e73\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u660e\u786e\u90a3\u4e9b\u9002\u5408\u8bc9\u8bf8\u6cd5\u5f8b\u624b\u6bb5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u804c\u573a\u5e73\u6743\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6240\u6709\u804c\u4f4d\u5fc5\u987b\u5e73\u5747\u5730\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u4e24\u6027\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c97\u4f4d\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u82e5\u5176\u80fd\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u662f\u4e0e\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u5206\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4e13\u95e8\u4fdd\u7559\u7ed9\u7537\u6027\u6216\u5973\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u53ef\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u5bb6\u5ead\u6cd5\u89c4<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5bb6\u662f\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7ec4\u6210\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u5bb6\u957f\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5f02\u6027\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u662f\u4e0e\u5112\u5bb6\u6240\u652f\u6301\u7684\u9634\u9633\u76f8\u5206\u6982\u5ff5\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u51fa\u73b0\u5355\u8eab\u5bb6\u957f\uff0c\u72ec\u8eab\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u540c\u6027\u4f34\u4fa3\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u79bb\u5a5a\u6cd5\u53ef\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u6216\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4eba\u4eec\u79bb\u5a5a\uff08\u8981\u6c42\u592b\u59bb\u5728\u79bb\u5a5a\u94b1\u8fdb\u884c\u5a5a\u59fb\u54a8\u8be2\uff09\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u6536\u517b\u6cd5\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u5355\u8eab\u6216\u8005\u540c\u6027\u4f34\u4fa3\u629a\u517b\u5b69\u5b50\u3002\u4ea6\u6216\u8c03\u6574\u7a0e\u6cd5\u6765\u5956\u52b1\u5f02\u6027\u4f34\u4fa3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5265\u593a\u540c\u6027\u5a5a\u59fb\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\uff083\uff09\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fdd\u53cd\u6027\u522b\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u5982\u4e4b\u524d\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u5bf9\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u7684\u5c0a\u5d07\u4f7f\u5176\u4e25\u8083\u5bf9\u5f85\u6027\u522b\u89c4\u8303\u3002\u4f46\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5bf9\u7528\u4ee5\u7ef4\u62a4\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5236\u88c1\u80cc\u4e66\u3002\u9274\u4e8e\u6027\u522b\u89c4\u8303\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u79c1\u4eba\u884c\u4e3a\u7d27\u5bc6\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6027\u522b\u89c4\u8303\u4e0e\u7537\u5973\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u8054\u66f4\u4e3a\u7d27\u5bc6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5112\u5bb6\u5b66\u8005\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6027\u522b\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u66f4\u5e94\u5f53\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u529d\u8bf4\u3001\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u6fc0\u52b1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5bf9\u5f85\u90a3\u4e9b\u8fdd\u53cd\u8fc7\u6027\u522b\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5f3a\u8feb\u4ed6\u4eec\u53bb\u9075\u5b88\u3002\u5426\u5219\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u505a\u51fa\u7b26\u5408\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5374\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e03\u3001\u7ed3\u8bba<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u68c0\u9a8c\u4e86\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u6027\u522b\u6982\u5ff5\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u3002\u6211\u56de\u6eaf\u4e86\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u53d1\u5c55\u5e76\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u5b83\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u5e76\u4e0d\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u6211\u8fd8\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u4e0e\u6027\u522b\u672c\u8d28\u8bba\u3001\u4e92\u8865\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u4e24\u6027\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u57fa\u4e8e\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u7684\u7537\u6027\u4f18\u8d8a\u8bba\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u8f6c\u5411\u8ba8\u8bba\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u804c\u573a\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u6c1b\u56f4\u4ee5\u53ca\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u9002\u7528\u6027\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u5206\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u6027\u522b\u6b67\u89c6\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bba\u8bc1\u601d\u8def\u548c\u6027\u672c\u672c\u8d28\u8bba\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5171\u540c\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u5374\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u63a8\u6d4b\u4e86\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u8bba\u53ca\u5173\u6d89\u6027\u522b\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u65f6\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6211\u7ed3\u675f\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u8fd8\u60f3\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9610\u8ff0\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6982\u62ec\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u672a\u6765\u5bf9\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u6027\u522b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u629b\u7816\u5f15\u7389\u3002\u4ece\u5112\u5bb6\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fdd\u53cd\u6027\u522b\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6001\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4e00\u4e2a\u5112\u5bb6\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8be0\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u79cd\u8f83\u4e3a\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u5426\u8ba4\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u548c\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u4f26\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u4ea6\u6216\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u5c31\u662f\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u5c06\u4f1a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u9274\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5112\u5b66\u7684\u5f53\u4ee3\u8ba8\u8bba\u5927\u591a\u805a\u7126\u5728\u4f26\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u54f2\u5b66\u5316\u6240\u8981\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u5c31\u4e0d\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u51b3\u5112\u5bb6\u5bf9\u8fdd\u53cd\u6027\u522b\u89c4\u8303\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4f4e\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5ea6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u4e8e\u5c06\u6027\u522b\u4ece\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u4e2d\u62c6\u79bb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u666e\u904d\u6027\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u7c7b\u522b\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u56de\u987e\u65e9\u671f\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u5b66\u8bf4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u7684\u4e24\u7ea7\u5bf9\u7acb\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u6027\u522b\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8463\u4ef2\u8212\u5c1d\u8bd5\u628a\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u6765\u7531\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u653f\u6cbb\u7b49\u7ea7\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u6027\u522b\u5c31\u88ab\u7f16\u6210\u4e86\u9634\u9633\u4e4b\u529b\u7684\u8303\u4f8b\u3002\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5982\u827e\u8389\u68ee\u00b7\u5e03\u96f7\u514b\uff08Alison Black\uff09\u8c08\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u6027\u522b\u4e0d\u662f\u5112\u5bb6\u9634\u9633\u5b87\u5b99\u5b66\u91cc\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u8981\u7d20<a href=\"#_ftn35\" name=\"_ftnref35\">[35]<\/a>\u3002\u82e5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u65ad\u57fa\u4e8e\u9634\u9633\u7684\u6027\u522b\u6982\u5ff5\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u7d20\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4ece\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u5265\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u82e5\u4e0a\u9762\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\u90fd\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u201c\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u5112\u5bb6\u6027\u522b\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bba\u65ad\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u9a73\u65a5\u3002\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u6211\u4e5f\u8bba\u8bc1\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u5185\u5916\u533a\u5206\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u7ed3\u8bba\uff08\u4f20\u7edf\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u6027\u522b\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\uff09<a href=\"#_ftn36\" name=\"_ftnref36\">[36]<\/a>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u7684\u63a8\u8bba\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u5f53\u4ee3\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6027\u522b\u6982\u5ff5\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u524d\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u4e25\u8083\u8c28\u614e\u5730\u601d\u8003\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u771f\u7684\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u6027\u522b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5417\uff1f\u5112\u5bb6\u89d2\u8272\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0e\u96cc\u96c4\u540c\u4f53\u8bf4\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u96be\u9053\u4e0d\u662f\u66f4\u4f18\u9009\u62e9<a href=\"#_ftn37\" name=\"_ftnref37\">[37]<\/a>\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u5ff5\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u5f85\u4ed6\u4eba\u65f6\uff0c\u6027\u522b\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8003\u91cf\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u5176\u6027\u522b\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u6b32\u7684\u6027\u683c\u7279\u8d28\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u5e94\u4eab\u6709\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u673a\u4f1a<a href=\"#_ftn38\" name=\"_ftnref38\">[38]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u201c\u5112\u5bb6\u6982\u5ff5\u201d\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u6240\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5728\u54f2\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u63a2\u8ba8\u7684\u5112\u5bb6\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u54f2\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u6307\u7531\u5112\u5bb6\u6587\u672c\u6240\u8868\u8ff0\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u54f2\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5112\u5b66\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7687\u6743\u5112\u5b66\u548c\u5927\u4f17\u5112\u5b66\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u7687\u6743\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u65e8\u5728\u5f3a\u5316\u7edf\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u5e76\u6269\u5c55\u4e2d\u534e\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u8463\u4ef2\u8212\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5112\u5b66\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u800c\u5927\u4f17\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u5219\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f26\u7406\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5173\u952e\u652f\u6301\u8005\u4e3a\u4e61\u7ec5\u9636\u5c42\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u727a\u7272\u5bf9\u964c\u751f\u4eba\u7684\u666e\u9002\u6027\u5173\u7231\u6362\u6765\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e0e\u6c0f\u65cf\u7684\u7e41\u8363\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1\u5b5f\u65e6\uff08Donald Munro\uff09\u4e3a\u674e\u4f83\u5982\uff08Kenneth Lieberthal\uff09, \u6797\u987a\u592b\uff08Shuen-fu Lin\uff09 \u548c\u6768\u683c\uff08Ernest Young\uff09\u7b49\u4eba\u5408\u7f16\u300a\u6784\u5efa\u4e2d\u56fd\uff08Constructing China\uff09\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u6240\u505a\u7684\u5f15\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> \u76f8\u5173\u8457\u4f5c\u53ef\u53c2\u89c1Richard Guisso\uff0cStanley Johannesen <em>Women in China<\/em> (Youngston: Philo Press), 1981; Alison Black, &#8220;Gender and Cosmology in Chinese Correlative Thinking\u201d in <em>Gender and Religion<\/em>, Caroline Bynum, Stevan Harrell, Paula Richman (Boston: Beacon Press), 1986; Liu Te-han, <em>Tung-chou fu-nu wen-ti-yen-chiu <\/em>(Taipei: Tai-wan hsueh-seng shu-chu), 1990; Pao Chia-lin, <em>Readings in Chinese Women History <\/em>(Taiwan: Cowboy Publishing Ltd.), 1979\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> \u53c2\u89c1Sin Yee Chan, &#8220;Gender and Relationship Roles in the <em>Analects<\/em> and the <em>Mencius<\/em>\u201d in <em>Asian Philosophy<\/em>, summer 2000.\u8be5\u6587\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5185\u5916\u533a\u5206\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6027\u522b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u533a\u5206\uff1a\u7537\u6027\u4e3b\u8981\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e8e\u5916\u90e8\uff08\u516c\u5171\/\u793e\u4f1a\uff09\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u800c\u5973\u6027\u5219\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u5185\u90e8\uff08\u5bb6\u5ead\uff09\u9886\u57df\u3002\u8fd9\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5185\u5916\u533a\u5206\u662f\u4f55\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5973\u6027\u7fa4\u4f53\u6392\u9664\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u541b\u5b50\u7406\u60f3\u4e4b\u5916\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u5979\u4eec\u7684\u4ece\u5c5e\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u5728\u7ed3\u8bba\u90e8\u5206\u5bf9\u8be5\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6279\u5224\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> \u5bf9\u4e8e\u6027\u522b\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u53ef\u53c2\u8003Ann Oakley, <em>Sex, Gender and Society<\/em> (New York: Harper and Row), 1972\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> \u5176\u4f59\u56db\u79cd\u5b87\u5b99\u4e4b\u529b\u4e3a\u98ce\u3001\u96e8\u3001\u9ed1\u6697\u548c\u5149\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e0e\u5f90\u590d\u89c2\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9634\u9633\u6982\u5ff5\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u8be6\u89c1\u5f90\u590d\u89c2\uff08Hsu Fu-kuan\uff09<em>Chung-kuo jen-hsing lun-shi<\/em> (Taiwan: Tunghai University Press), 1963.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> \u845b\u745e\u6c49\uff08A.C. Graham\uff09, <em>Yin-yang and the Nature of Correlative Thinking <\/em>(Singapore: Institute of East Asian Philosophies. Occasional Paper and Monograph Series No.6.), 1986.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> \u5f90\u590d\u89c2\uff08\u89c1\u811a\u6ce85\uff0c p.558\uff09\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b66\u754c\u5173\u4e8e\u5b54\u5b50\u672c\u4eba\u662f\u5426\u53c2\u4e0e\u5199\u4f5c\u4e86\u5468\u6613\u4ecd\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> \u745e\u4e3d\uff08Lisa Raphals\uff09, <em>Sharing the light<\/em> (Albany: State University of New York Press), 1998, p.158.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> \u745e\u4e3d\u8d28\u7591\u845b\u745e\u6c49\u5173\u4e8e\u9634\u9633\u7b49\u7ea7\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4e3b\u8981\u57fa\u4e8e\u975e\u5112\u5bb6\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u9a6c\u738b\u5806\u6587\u672c\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u5173\u4e8e\u9634\u9633\u7b49\u7ea7\u6027\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5929\u5730\u3001\u4e0a\u4e0b\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u745e\u4e3d\u7acb\u573a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u592a\u5c11\u3002\u5b89\u4e50\u54f2\u4e5f\u5728 &#8220;Taoism and the Androgynous Ideal\u201d\uff08\u89c1\u811a\u6ce82\uff09\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u9634\u9633\u7684\u4e92\u8865\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> \u53c2\u89c1<em>Chou Lian-hsi chih<\/em> (Taipei:Commercial Press), 1973.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> \u90b5\u96cd\uff0c\u7687\u6781\u7ecf\u4e16\u4e66\uff0c\u89c2\u7269\u5185\u7bc7\uff0c\u89c2\u7269\u7bc7\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> \u8bd1\u8005\u6ce8\u3002\u539f\u6587\u5e94\u4e3a\u201c\u65e0\u4e3a\u800c\u6cbb\u8005\u5176\u821c\u4e5f\u4e0e\uff1f\u592b\u4f55\u4e3a\u54c9\uff1f\u606d\u5df1\u6b63\u5357\u9762\u800c\u5df2\u77e3\u201d\uff08\u8bba\u8bed\u00b7\u536b\u7075\u516c\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> \u5982\u6211\u5c06\u5728\u4e4b\u540e\u63a2\u8ba8\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u7537\u6027\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u9634\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u513f\u548c\u81e3\u76f8\u5bf9\u7236\u548c\u541b\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u5c31\u662f\u9634\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u5f97\u6c89\u9759\u548c\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4f1a\u66f4\u591a\u62e5\u6709\u9634\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u9634\u9633\u7684\u4ea4\u66ff\u5e76\u4e0d\u6307\u5411\u4e0d\u540c\u6027\u522b\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u7684\u66f4\u8fed\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> \u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd1\u671f\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u53cd\u672c\u8d28\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1Nancy Fraser\u201c Equality, Difference, Democracy: Recent Feminist Debates,\u201d in <em>Feminism and the New Democracy<\/em>, ed., Jodi Dean (Thousand Oaks: Sage Press), 1997.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> \u7f57\u601d\u6587\uff08Henry Rosemont, Jr.\uff09, &#8220;Confucian and Feminist Perspectives on the Self\u201d in <em>Culture and Self<\/em>, ed., Douglas Allen (Colorado: Westview Press), 1997.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> \u89c1\u5f90\u590d\u89c2\u4e66\uff0c\u7b2c580\u9875.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> \u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u8bba\u8bc1\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u5316\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e8e\u76f8\u5173\u60c5\u5883\u3002\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6027\u522b\u7684\u4eba\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u7537\u6027\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u5f3a\u58ee\u7684\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u662f\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u3002\u800c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5e74\u9f84\u548c\u7ea7\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u662f\u5f3a\u58ee\u7684\uff0c\u521d\u7ea7\u4eba\u5219\u662f\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7537\u5b50\u6c14\u6982\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u9633\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> George Murdoch and Caterina Provost, &#8220;Factors in the Division of Labor by Sex: A Cross-Cultural Analysis\u201d, Ethnology 12 (1973): 203-225.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> \u89c1Jean-Jacques Rousseau, <em>Emile,<\/em> translated by William Boyd (New York: Teachers College), 1962.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a>\u9ad8\u5f65\u9890\uff08Dorothy Ko\uff09\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u5973\u6027\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6027\u522b\u7b49\u7ea7\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0b\u53d6\u5f97\u6743\u5229\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6709\u8da3\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u53c2\u52a0\u5979\u7684\u8457\u4f5c<em>Teachers of the Inner Chambers<\/em> (Stanford: Stanford University Press), 1994.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> \u6211\u5f88\u611f\u8c22\u72c4\u767e\u745e\uff08W. T. De Bary\uff09\u6559\u6388\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u5973\u6027\u6743\u529b\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u672c\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[22]<\/a> \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u540c\u610fAlison Black\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u7537\u6027\u662f\u7406\u6027\u4e14\u540c\u65f6\u6ce8\u91cd\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5973\u6027\u662f\u76f4\u89c9\u7684\u5e76\u6ce8\u91cd\u548c\u8c10\u7684\u3002\u89c1\u5176\u4e66\u7b2c179\u9875\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u7406\u6027\u548c\u76f4\u89c9\u7684\u4e24\u5206\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5112\u5bb6\u4f20\u7edf\u3002\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u548c\u8c10\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7537\u6027\u7684\u5723\u738b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\">[23]<\/a> \u5b89\u4e50\u54f2\uff08Roger Ames\uff09\u4e0e \u90dd\u5927\u4e3a\uff08David Hall\uff09, Thinking from the Han (Albany: State of New York University Press), 1998, p.90.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\">[24]<\/a> \u6211\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u6bb5\u5173\u4e8e\u5bb6\u5ead\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u5c06\u5173\u6ce8\u9634\u9633\u533a\u5206\u4e0b\u8bde\u751f\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u80b2\u513f\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\">[25]<\/a> Alice Eagly and Blair Johnson, &#8220;Gender and Leadership Style: A Meta-Analysis\u201d, P<em>sychological Bulletin <\/em>108 (1990):233-256.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref26\" name=\"_ftn26\">[26]<\/a> \u540e\u6c49\u4e66\uff08<em>Hou Hanshu<\/em><em>\uff09<\/em><em>,<\/em> Peking: Chung-hua Press, p.2789. \u6211\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u72c4\u767e\u745e\u6559\u6388\u7684\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1\u5176\u4e66<em>Asian Values and Human Rights <\/em>(Cambridge, Harvard University Press), 1988.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref27\" name=\"_ftn27\">[27]<\/a> \u5341\u5206\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u8ba4\u540c\u6574\u4e2a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b66\u8bf4\u3002\u6bd4\u5982Carol Pateman\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f20\u7edf\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u7236\u6743\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8d28\u7591\u4e86\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u516c\u79c1\u4e24\u5206\u6cd5\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u89c1Carol Pateman, &#8220;Feminist Critiques of the Public\/Private Dichotomy\u201d in Feminism Vol. 1, ed., Susan Okin and Jane Mansbridge, (Brookfield: Edward Elgar Publishiing Company), 1994.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref28\" name=\"_ftn28\">[28]<\/a> \u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u5305\u62ecCarol Gilligan, Nancy Chodorow and Sara Ruddick.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref29\" name=\"_ftn29\">[29]<\/a> \u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u8bf7\u89c1Jane Mansbridge, &#8220;Feminism and Democratic Community,\u201d in Feminism Vol. 1, op. cit., pp.347-352, and Elizabeth Spelman, <em>Inessential Woman<\/em> (Boston: Beacon Press),1988.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref30\" name=\"_ftn30\">[30]<\/a> Nancy Fraser, &#8220;Equality, Difference and Democracy: Recent Feminist Debates,\u201d in Feminism and the New Democracy, ed., Jodi Dean (Thousand Oaks, Sage), 1997.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref31\" name=\"_ftn31\">[31]<\/a> Fraser\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6700\u8fd1\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u53cd\u672c\u8d28\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u548c\u201c\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u8fa9\u8bba\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u53d8\u5f02\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u4e86\u5e73\u7b49\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u548c\u5dee\u522b\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002\u540c\u4e0a\u4e66, pp.103-107\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref32\" name=\"_ftn32\">[32]<\/a> \u9648\u7956\u4e3a\uff08Joseph Chan\uff09, &#8220;Legitimacy, Unanimity, and Perfectionism\u201d in Philosophy and Public Affairs 2000, v.29, #1.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref33\" name=\"_ftn33\">[33]<\/a> \u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u53ef\u8be5\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u7406\u7531\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u751f\u6d3b\u4e60\u60ef\u662f\u5426\u548c\u6027\u522b\u89c4\u8303\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u5bf9\u751f\u6d3b\u591a\u6837\u6027\u8868\u793a\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref34\" name=\"_ftn34\">[34]<\/a> \u8fd9\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5112\u5bb6\u5c06\u62d2\u65a5\u540c\u6027\u604b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9634\u9633\u4e92\u8865\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5e94\u5f53\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u4e2a\u7684\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u4ec5\u6709\u7537\u6027\u6216\u5973\u6027\u7684\u4f53\u80b2\u6bd4\u8d5b\u3002\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u800c\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref35\" name=\"_ftn35\">[35]<\/a> Alison Black\uff0c\u540c\u4e0a\u4e66\u3002\u5979\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u5185\u5916\u7684\u533a\u5206\u548c\u5bf9\u4e8b\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u9634\u9633\u5206\u7c7b\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u523b\u753b\u51fa\u4e86\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u522b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref36\" name=\"_ftn36\">[36]<\/a> \u53c2\u89c1\u6ce8\u91ca2\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref37\" name=\"_ftn37\">[37]<\/a> \u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u96cc\u96c4\u540c\u4f53\uff0c\u8bf7\u770bJames Sterba, &#8220;Feminist Justice and the Family,\u201d in <em>Feminist Philosophies<\/em>, ed., Janet Kourany, James Sterba and Rosemarie Tong, (New Jersey: Prentice Hall), 1992.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref38\" name=\"_ftn38\">[38]<\/a> \u6211\u611f\u8c22\u4e0e\u4f1a\u8005\u3001\u4e24\u4f4d\u533f\u540d\u5ba1\u9605\u8005\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u7684\u540c\u4e8bDavid Christensen\u3001Don Loeb\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u610f\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u6027\u522b\u7684\u65b0\u89e3\u8bfb \u9648\u5029\u4eea\u8457\uff1bXiang Lixin\u8bd1 \u4f5b\u8499\u7279\u5927\u5b66 \u539f\u8f7d\u4e8e \u300a\u00a0Confucianism &#8230;<\/p>\n<p class=\"more-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jinburuxue.com\/english\/2018\/04\/23\/%e9%99%88%e5%80%a9%e4%bb%aa%ef%bc%8c%e5%84%92%e5%ae%b6%e6%80%9d%e6%83%b3%e4%b8%ad%e6%80%a7%e5%88%ab%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b0%e8%a7%a3%e8%af%bb\/\"><span>Read More<\/span><i>&#43;<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[38,107,73],"tags":[58,41,100,33,74,76,75],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jinburuxue.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/215"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jinburuxue.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jinburuxue.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jinburuxue.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jinburuxue.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=215"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/jinburuxue.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/215\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":216,"href":"https:\/\/jinburuxue.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/215\/revisions\/216"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jinburuxue.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=215"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jinburuxue.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=215"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jinburuxue.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=215"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}